Appendix A · Academic Notes Index
The main text was written to be spoken to you. So the catalog numbers, the fascicle references, the source locations—all of these have been ushered out of its pages and gathered here.
This index serves two purposes. First, it lets the reader who wants to look closer go from any chapter of the book back to the exact place in the sūtras and treatises on which that chapter rests. Second, it gives a single overview of the principal texts cited across the book's thirty-one chapters. Nothing in this book is invented—every chapter's argument presses down on the original wording of the texts listed below. All Chinese-canon quotations have been collated against the CBETA Electronic Tripiṭaka (the Taishō canon and the Manji Zokuzōkyō); the Pāli canon is cited by Pali Text Society (PTS) numbering, and in the main text it is mostly rendered by sense rather than transcribed word for word.
Numbering conventions: T refers to the Taishō Shinshū Daizōkyō (volume and text number); X to the Manji Shinsan Zokuzōkyō; MN / AN / SN / DN to the Pāli Majjhima, Aṅguttara, Saṃyutta, and Dīgha Nikāyas.
Several adjudications concerning attribution and wording are also recorded here, and the whole book abides by them. First: the Fahua jing anlexing yi (The Meaning of the Lotus Sūtra's Course of Peaceful Practice, T1926) is headed "spoken by the great dhyāna master Si of Nanyue, of the Chen"—the form of a record of oral teaching; throughout, this book writes "attributed to Huisi of Nanyue as its speaker" and does not assert that he penned it himself. Likewise the Zhengdao ge (Song of Realizing the Way, T2014): scholarship has reached no settled verdict on its single authorship, and the book writes throughout "traditionally attributed to Yongjia Xuanjue." Second: Dazhu Huihai's Dunwu rudao yaomen lun (Treatise on the Essential Gate of Entering the Way by Sudden Awakening) is numbered X1223, in the Manji Zokuzōkyō; it must not be confused with the esoteric text that bears the number T1223 in the Taishō—the same number in a different canon. Third: the dharma-realm lion-samādhi of the eighty-fascicle Avataṃsaka Sūtra reads, in the sūtra's own text, "the Lion's-Stretch samādhi" (shizi pinshen sanmei, siṃha-vijṛmbhita); the name "the Lion's-Roused-Vigor samādhi" (shizi fenxun sanmei) issues from the Dazhidu lun and Larger Prajñāpāramitā line—different scriptures, different senses, and the two are never conflated. Fourth: the phrase "just-sitting" (shikantaza) is a later coinage of Dōgen in Japan, not Hongzhi Zhengjue's own name for his practice—Hongzhi's own name was "silent illumination" alone; and "infinitely multiplied, endlessly interpenetrating" is an expository coinage of the commentators Fazang, Chengguan, and their line, not the wording of the Avataṃsaka Sūtra itself. Fifth: the dialogue in which Huike begs to have his mind pacified is not recorded in Daoxuan's Tang-dynasty Xu gaoseng zhuan (Continued Biographies of Eminent Monks); it is a developed form that crystallized in the Jingde chuandeng lu (1004), and the book quotes it throughout as the Chan school's self-interpretation, not as sixth-century historical fact. The Lengqie shizi ji's text of the entrance by principle writes "wall-gazing" with a loan-graph (a pi standing in for the bi of "wall")—a variant of transmission. And the Shaoshi liumen (T2009) is of doubtful authorship; the book uses it only as corroborating witness.
1 · The Pāli Canon and the Āgamas (with the Buddha-Biographies)
| Text | Number | Used in |
|---|
| Madhyamāgama (the Luomo jing, Chengyu jing, Dayin jing, Mayi jing, Heyi-jing, and others) | T0026 | 1.2 (the Luomo jing's "does not tend toward nirvāṇa"—the seed of the whole volume), 1.4 (the four-jhāna pericope; the four formless attainments), 2.2 (the precept→concentration chain), 2.3, 4.3, 6.1, 9.1, 9.3 |
| Saṃyuktāgama (the gradual stilling; the awakening-factor section; gratification, danger, escape; the three signs of tuning the mind; the ānāpāna discourses; and others) | T0099 | 1.1, 1.3, 1.4 (the nine progressive abidings), 1.5, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1 (the Vaggumudā grove), 3.2, 3.3, 5.1 (gratification, danger, escape) |
| Dīrghāgama (the Buzhapolou jing—the Poṭṭhapāda—and others) | T0001 | 2.3 (the five hindrances) |
| Ekottarāgama | T0125 | 2.3, 4.1 |
| Xiuxing benqi jing · Guoqu xianzai yinguo jing (Buddha-biographies) | T0184 / T0189 | 1.2 (the first jhāna beneath the rose-apple tree) |
| Majjhima Nikāya: the Ariyapariyesanā, Mahāsaccaka, and Mahācattārīsaka suttas | MN 26 / 36 / 117 | 1.2 (the Pāli parallels for setting the formless attainments aside), 2.1 |
| Aṅguttara Nikāya: the Yuganaddha sutta, the Kimatthiyasutta ("What Is the Purpose?"), and others | AN 4.170 / 2.30–31 / 11.1 | 1.3 (the four routes of calm and insight), 2.2 |
| Dīgha Nikāya: the Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna and Brahmajāla suttas | DN 22 / DN 1 | 1.4, 3.2 |
| Fanyi mingyi ji (Compendium of Translated Terms) | T2131 | 1.1 (the translation history of the three words) |
2 · The Abhidharma and the Treatises of the Schools
| Text | Number | Used in |
|---|
| Abhidharmakośa (the chapter analyzing the absorptions, among others) | T1558 | 1.1, 1.4 (the five–four–five–four count of jhāna-factors; concentration alone as the substance of dhyāna), 2.3, 3.1 (the two gateways to the deathless), 3.2, 3.3 |
| Abhidharma-mahāvibhāṣā | T1545 | 2.3, 3.1 (the gateways to the deathless; the practitioner-temperaments), 3.2, 3.3 |
| Apitan piposha lun (the alternative translation of the Vibhāṣā) | T1546 | 3.x (for comparison) |
| Abhidharma-nyāyānusāra | T1562 | 3.3 (the dispute over the substance of absorption) |
| Abhidharma-dharmaskandha (the chapter on dhyāna) | T1537 | 1.4 (the bell-sound simile), 3.3 |
| Abhidharma-prakaraṇapāda | T1542 | 3.2, 3.3 |
| Abhidharma-saṅgītiparyāya | T1536 | 2.3 |
| Abhidharma-samuccaya | T1605 | 1.1 |
| Chengshi lun (Tattvasiddhi) | T1646 | 3.1, 3.3 |
| Vimuttimagga (Jietuodao lun; the chapter classifying the fields-of-practice and the chapter on the gates of practice) | T1648 | 1.5 (the thirty-eight fields-of-practice; the learning-sign and the counterpart-sign; access and absorption), 2.3, 3.1 (matching subjects to temperaments) |
3 · Prajñā Sūtras and Treatises
| Text | Number | Used in |
|---|
| Mohe banruo boluomi jing (the Larger Prajñāpāramitā) | T0223 | 4.1, 4.3 (learning emptiness without realizing it; the arrow simile), 4.4 (the hundred-and-eight samādhis), 5.1 (the four "does not see" of the six-similes chapter; the non-abiding samādhi) |
| Dazhidu lun (Mahāprajñāpāramitā Śāstra) | T1509 | 4.1 (the perfection of dhyāna), 4.3, 4.4, 5.1 (mere emptiness / the emptiness of the unobtainable), 5.2 (dharma-attachment; the clinging savor on rising from absorption; the raft simile; the sword of wisdom and the shield of dhyāna), 5.3 (seeing neither this shore nor the far shore), 9.1 (the relishing of dhyāna), 9.3 (the lamp in the sealed chamber; the chain of the three trainings) |
| Mahāprajñāpāramitā Sūtra | T0220 | 9.1 (claiming as attained what is unattained, as realized what is unrealized) |
| Xiaopin banruo boluomi jing (the Smaller Prajñāpāramitā) · Diamond Sūtra | T0227 / T0235 | 5.1 (corroboration) |
| Heart Sūtra | T0251 | 9.3 ("in dependence on the perfection of wisdom"; ultimate nirvāṇa; the keystone) |
| Mañjuśrī Prajñāpāramitā (tr. Mandrasena / tr. Saṅghabhara) | T0232 / T0233 | 5.2 (the conceit of false attainment; samādhi unobtainable), 5.3 (the One-Practice Samādhi) |
| Sarvadharma-apravṛtti-nirdeśa | T0650 | 5.2 (to crave the Buddha-dharma is to be far from the Buddha-dharma; the monk Shèngyì) |
| Ruhuan sanmei jing (Sūtra of the Illusion-like Samādhi) | T0342 | 5.2 (Mañjuśrī taking up the sword; "kill skillfully"; the blade itself empty) |
4 · Mahāyāna Sūtras and Yogācāra Consciousness-Only
| Text | Number | Used in |
|---|
| Vimalakīrti-nirdeśa | T0475 | 4.3, 5.3 (the sixfold "meditative sitting"; the gate of non-duality; the one silence) |
| Zhu Weimojie jing (Commentary on the Vimalakīrti Sūtra; the three commentaries of Kumārajīva, Sengzhao, and Daosheng) | T1775 | 5.3 |
| Śūraṅgama-samādhi-sūtra (tr. Kumārajīva) | T0642 | 4.4 (the name Śūraṅgama; distinguished from T0945) |
| Liudu ji jing (Collected Sūtras on the Six Perfections) | T0152 | 4.1 |
| Yogācārabhūmi (the Samāhitabhūmi, Śrāvakabhūmi, and Bodhisattvabhūmi) | T1579 | 4.2 (the nine stages of mental abiding; the six powers and the four kinds of attention; reborn back in the desire-realm), 4.3 |
| Saṃdhinirmocana-sūtra | T0676 | 4.2 (the śamatha-vipaśyanā section; for comparison) |
| Mahāyānasaṃgraha | T1594 | 4.3 |
| Cheng weishi lun (Demonstration of Consciousness-Only) | T1585 | 1.1, 9.2 (the nature of concentration—"focusing the mind undistractedly"; the direct condition and the dominant condition) |
5 · The Śūraṅgama Line
| Text | Number | Used in |
|---|
| Śūraṅgama Sūtra | T0945 | 6.1 (the three trainings free of outflows; gathering in the mind is the precept; the four kinds of restraint; the simile of steaming sand), 6.2 (the six knots tied in the cloth; entering the stream, the object lost; Mañjuśrī's selection), 6.3 (the fifty skandha-māras; the discernment of host and guest; the criterion formula) |
| Zixuan, Shoulengyan yishu zhujing (Annotated Commentary on the Śūraṅgama) | T1799 | 6.2, 6.3 |
| Jiaoguang Zhenjian, Lengyan jing zhengmai shu (Straight-Vein Commentary on the Śūraṅgama) | X0275 | 6.2 (the autumn moon shining full; setting aside consciousness to use the faculty), 6.3 (a thousand lamps in one room; startling at a tree-stump as a ghost) |
6 · Chan Texts
| Text | Number | Used in |
|---|
| Daoxuan, Xu gaoseng zhuan (Continued Biographies of Eminent Monks; the life of Bodhidharma) | T2060 | 7.1 ("Such pacifying of the mind is called wall-gazing."—the earliest historical witness) |
| Jingde chuandeng lu (Record of the Transmission of the Lamp of the Jingde Era) | T2076 | 7.1 (the wall-gazing brahman; the Tanlin text of the Two Entrances and Four Practices; Huike's pacifying of the mind) |
| Zongmi, Chanyuan zhuquanji duxu (General Preface to the Collected Explanations of the Chan Source) | T2015 | 7.1 (the five kinds of chan; "utterly different from all other gates"), 7.2 (sudden-and-gradual lies in the capacity; "as the sun rises suddenly, frost and dew melt gradually") |
| Jingjue, Lengqie shizi ji (Record of the Masters and Disciples of the Laṅkā) | T2837 | 1.1, 7.1 (sitting in the second or third dhyāna is not called pacifying the mind) |
| Shaoshi liumen (Six Gates of Shaoshi; attributed to Bodhidharma, authorship doubtful) | T2009 | 7.1 (corroborating witness) |
| Platform Sūtra (Dunhuang text / Zongbao text) | T2007 / T2008 | 1.1, 7.2 (the two verses and their variant texts; the equal study of concentration and wisdom; "The Dharma has no sudden or gradual"), 7.5 (the Seated Meditation chapter; the verse for Zhihuang) |
| Dasheng wusheng fangbian men (Expedient Gate of the Unborn in the Mahāyāna; Northern school) | T2834 | 7.2 (the mind-substance free from thought; one thought of pure mind leaps at once to the Buddha-ground) |
| Guanxin lun fragment (Treatise on Contemplating the Mind) · Zongmi, Zhonghua chuanxindi chanmen shizi chengxi tu (Chart of the Succession of the Chan Gate Transmitting the Mind-Ground in China) | T2833 / X1225 | 7.2 (notes) |
| Hongzhi chanshi guanglu (Extensive Record of Chan Master Hongzhi; the "Lancet of Seated Meditation," the "Inscription on Silent Illumination," the record of his deeds) | T2001 | 7.3 |
| Dahui Pujue chanshi yulu (Recorded Sayings of Chan Master Dahui Pujue) | T1998 | 7.3 (the gibe against silent illumination), 7.4 (turning the light back; a thousand doubts, ten thousand doubts; not damming the mind down; paying no heed to awakened-or-not) |
| Yunzhou Dongshan Wuben chanshi yulu (Recorded Sayings of Chan Master Dongshan Wuben of Yunzhou; the "Song of the Jewel-Mirror Samādhi") | T1986 | 7.3 (background) |
| Wumen guan (The Gateless Barrier) | T2005 | 7.4 (Zhaozhou's dog; the red-hot iron ball; inner and outer beaten into one piece) |
| Gaofeng Yuanmiao chanshi chanyao (Chan Essentials of Chan Master Gaofeng Yuanmiao) | X1401 | 7.4 (the three essentials; "After all, it turns out to be this very fellow.") |
| Biyan lu (Blue Cliff Record) | T2003 | 7.4 (background) |
| Zhengdao ge (Song of Realizing the Way; traditionally attributed to Yongjia Xuanjue) | T2014 | 7.5 ("Walking is Chan, sitting is Chan"; concentration and wisdom perfectly bright, not stagnating in emptiness) |
| Yongjia ji (the Yongjia Collection; the verses on upekṣā) | T2013 | 7.5 (though quiescent, ever illuminating; concentration and wisdom held in equal balance), 9.1 ("concentration grown long sinks") |
| Dazhu Huihai, Dunwu rudao yaomen lun (Treatise on the Essential Gate of Entering the Way by Sudden Awakening) | X1223 | 7.5 (the equal functioning of concentration and wisdom is itself liberation; facing objects with no mind, the eight winds cannot move one) |
7 · Tiantai, the Lotus, and Huayan
| Text | Number | Used in |
|---|
| Lotus Sūtra (the Peaceful Practices chapter) | T0262 | 8.1 (gathering and disciplining the mind; abiding unmoved as Mount Sumeru; rising from dhyāna) |
| Fahua jing anlexing yi (The Meaning of the Lotus Sūtra's Course of Peaceful Practice; attributed to Huisi of Nanyue as its speaker) | T1926 | 8.1 ("in all four postures, the mind is ever in concentration"; relying on neither the desire realm nor abiding in form or the formless) |
| Zhiyi, Miaofa lianhua jing wenju (Words and Phrases of the Lotus Sūtra) | T1718 | 8.1 ("gathering and disciplining the mind" as the concentration gate; governing amid violence, at peace amid alarm) |
| Zhiyi, Mohe zhiguan (The Great Calming and Contemplation) | T1911 | 8.1 (half-walking, half-sitting), 9.1 (relished dhyāna and blind attainment; "neither relished nor blindly attained"—the hinge) |
| Zhiyi, Fahua sanmei chanyi (Rite of Repentance of the Lotus Samādhi) | T1941 | 8.1 (the line "relying directly on the Peaceful Practices") |
| Avataṃsaka Sūtra (eighty fascicles; the Xianshou chapter and the Samantabhadra Samādhi chapter) | T0279 | 4.4 (the seed), 8.2 ("In a single thought-moment it pervades the ten directions."; the samādhi of the Tathāgatagarbha-body of Vairocana; in each mote of dust, Samantabhadra entering alongside) |
| Fazang, Xiu huayan aozhi wangjin huanyuan guan (Discernment of the Return to the Source) | T1876 | 8.2 ("Delusion exhausted, the mind clarified, the myriad images appear together") |
| Fazang, Huayan yisheng jiaoyi fenqi zhang (Treatise on the Divisions of the Doctrine of the One Vehicle of Huayan) | T1866 | 8.2 (the basis of the gate of simultaneous complete intercorrespondence) |
| Fazang, Huayan jing tanxuan ji (Record of Probing the Profundities of the Avataṃsaka) | T1733 | 8.2 (this samādhi-sea alone as the essential body of the teaching) |
| Chengguan, Huayan jing shu (Commentary on the Huayan Sūtra) | T1735 | 8.2 |