波羅頗蜜多羅

《續高僧傳》卷三本傳：「波羅頗迦羅蜜多羅。唐言作明知識。或一云波頗。此云光智。中天竺人也。本剎利王種。姓剎利帝」〔T50n2060 0439c26〕；「十歲出家。隨師習學。誦一洛叉大乘經可十萬偈。受具已後便學律藏」〔T50n2060 0439c28〕。學不止於誦：「博通戒網心樂禪思。又隨勝德修習定業。因修不捨經十二年」〔T50n2060 0440a01〕，末乃南遊那爛陀寺，「值戒賢論師盛弘十七地論。因復聽採」〔T50n2060 0440a03〕。名之漢譯，本傳作「唐言作明知識」，而〈事略〉所引李百藥序作「唐言明友」〔T31n1604 0590a06〕；二譯並存，本編兩錄不強為一。

His Life in the third scroll of the Continued Lives of Eminent Monks: "Prabhākaramitra — in the Tang tongue Zuoming zhishi, 'Light-Making Good Friend'; also called Popo, which here means Guangzhi, 'Light of Wisdom' — was a man of Central India, of royal kṣatriya stock, of the Kṣatriya clan" 〔T50n2060 0439c26〕; "At ten he went forth, studied under his teacher, and recited one lakh of Mahāyāna scripture, some hundred thousand verses; after full ordination he took up the vinaya basket" 〔T50n2060 0439c28〕. His learning did not stop at recitation: "He was broadly versed in the net of the precepts, and his heart delighted in meditative thought; he further followed a master of excellence in cultivating the work of concentration, and in that cultivation he did not let go for twelve years" 〔T50n2060 0440a01〕 — and then went south to Nālandā Monastery, where "he found the treatise-master Śīlabhadra expounding the Treatise on the Seventeen Grounds in full flood, and so took up the hearing of it as well" 〔T50n2060 0440a03〕. As to the Chinese rendering of his name, this Life gives "in the Tang tongue, Light-Making Good Friend", while Li Baiyao's preface cited under 事略 gives "in the Tang tongue, Mingyou, Bright Friend" 〔T31n1604 0590a06〕; both renderings stand, and this entry records the two without forcing them into one.

其東來非為一國而發：「但以出家釋子不滯一方。六月一移任緣靡定。承北狄貪勇未識義方。法藉人弘敢欲傳化」〔T50n2060 0440a09〕，於是「乃與道俗十人展轉北行」〔T50n2060 0440a11〕，至西面可汗葉護衙所。「武德九年。高平王出使入蕃。因與相見」〔T50n2060 0440a15〕，遂「乃與高平同來謁帝。以其年十二月達京。勅住興善」〔T50n2060 0440a17〕。本傳所云「其年」即武德九年；而〈事略〉所引李百藥序作「以大唐貞觀元年十二月入京」〔T31n1604 0590a07〕。二繫相去一歲，並錄不判。

His coming east was not undertaken for one country: "But a renunciant son of Śākya does not stay fixed in one quarter; every six months he moves, his tasks and conditions never settled. Hearing that the northern tribes were greedy and bold and did not yet know what is right, and that the Dharma depends on men to spread it, he dared to think of carrying the teaching there" 〔T50n2060 0440a09〕, and so "with ten companions, monastic and lay, he made his way north by stages" 〔T50n2060 0440a11〕, reaching the headquarters of the Yabghu Qaghan of the west. "In the ninth year of Wude the Prince of Gaoping went out on embassy into the tribal lands, and so the two met" 〔T50n2060 0440a15〕; thereupon "he came with the Prince of Gaoping to have audience with the emperor, reaching the capital in the twelfth month of that year, and by edict was lodged at Xingshan Monastery" 〔T50n2060 0440a17〕. The "that year" of this Life is the ninth year of Wude; but Li Baiyao's preface cited under 事略 says "he entered the capital in the twelfth month of the first year of Zhenguan of the Great Tang" 〔T31n1604 0590a07〕. The two datings stand a year apart, and both are recorded without deciding between them.

「至三年三月。上以諸有非樂。物我皆空」〔T50n2060 0440a24〕，乃下詔搜揚碩德，「備經三教者一十九人。於大興善創開傳譯」〔T50n2060 0440a26〕。「初譯寶星經。後移勝光。又譯般若燈大莊嚴論。合三部三十五卷」〔T50n2060 0440b03〕——本編所收其譯二部即在此三部之中。「至六年冬。勘閱既周。繕寫云畢」〔T50n2060 0440b05〕；「又勅太子庶子李百藥制序。具如論首」〔T50n2060 0440b07〕，即〈事略〉所引之序。然本傳繫始譯於「至三年三月」，序則云「粵以貞觀四年，恭承明詔」〔T31n1604 0590a12〕；二繫亦相去一歲，並錄不判。

"In the third month of the third year, His Majesty, holding that all existences are without joy and that self and things are alike empty" 〔T50n2060 0440a24〕, issued a decree to seek out men of great learning, "nineteen men fully versed in the three teachings, and at Daxingshan the work of translation was first opened" 〔T50n2060 0440a26〕. "First the Jewel Star Sūtra was translated; then the work moved to Shengguang, and the Lamp of Wisdom and the Great Ornament treatises were translated — three works in all, thirty-five scrolls" 〔T50n2060 0440b03〕 — and the two of his renderings collected in this edition stand among those three. "By the winter of the sixth year the collation was complete and the fair copying finished" 〔T50n2060 0440b05〕; "and by edict Li Baiyao, Junior Mentor of the Heir Apparent, composed the preface, as stands at the head of the treatise" 〔T50n2060 0440b07〕 — that is the preface cited under 事略. Yet this Life places the opening of the translation in "the third month of the third year", while the preface says "in the fourth year of Zhenguan he received the imperial command" 〔T31n1604 0590a12〕. These two datings likewise stand a year apart, and both are recorded without deciding between them.

其志不止於三部：「頗誓傳法化不憚艱危。遠度葱河來歸震旦。經途所亘四萬有餘。躬齎梵本望並翻盡」〔T50n2060 0440b20〕；而「不言英彥有墜綸言。本志頹然雅懷莫訴。因而搆疾自知不救」〔T50n2060 0440b22〕。臨終「分散衣資造諸淨業。端坐觀佛遺表施身」〔T50n2060 0440b24〕，「尋爾而卒於勝光寺。春秋六十有九」〔T50n2060 0440b25〕。「闍維既了。沙門玄謨收拾餘骸。為之起塔於勝光寺」〔T50n2060 0440b27〕，本傳於起塔之下繫其日曰「即貞觀七年四月六日也」〔T50n2060 0440b28〕，末乃一歎：「四年之譯三帙獻功」〔T50n2060 0440b29〕。〈年代依據〉所云藏中本傳者即此傳，今具錄如上；本傳出其卒與春秋而不出生年，故生卒仍從闕，不代為補。

His aim did not stop at three works: "Popo had vowed to spread the teaching and did not shrink from hardship or danger; he crossed the Oxus far off to come home to the land of Cīna, and the road he traversed ran more than forty thousand li. He had carried the Sanskrit texts on his own back, and hoped to see them all translated" 〔T50n2060 0440b20〕; and yet "no word came, and the promised men of talent were let fall from the imperial word. His original aim collapsed, and his fine intent had no one to tell it to; thereupon he contracted illness, knowing himself past saving" 〔T50n2060 0440b22〕. At the end he "distributed his robes and goods to make pure works of merit, sat upright contemplating the Buddha, and left a memorial giving away his body" 〔T50n2060 0440b24〕; "soon after, he died at Shengguang Monastery, aged sixty-nine" 〔T50n2060 0440b25〕. "When the cremation was over, the monk Xuanmo gathered up the remaining bones and raised a stūpa for him at Shengguang Monastery" 〔T50n2060 0440b27〕, and beneath the raising of the stūpa the Life sets the day: "namely the sixth day of the fourth month of the seventh year of Zhenguan" 〔T50n2060 0440b28〕, closing with a single sigh: "four years of translating, three bundles offered up" 〔T50n2060 0440b29〕. The Life in the canon spoken of under 年代依據 is this Life, and it is set out in full above; it gives his death and his age but not his year of birth, and so his dates remain blank, not supplied on his behalf.