中論 · 名相Glossary
中論
指 T30n1564 所傳龍樹頌、青目釋與羅什漢譯合層文本
*Treatise on the Middle*T30n1564 as the received layered work of Nāgārjuna’s verse, Qingmu’s commentary, and Kumārajīva’s Chinese transmission
龍樹
造頌者；只在本文所示身分內歸署
NāgārjunaVerse author, attributed only where the received text assigns that role
青目
釋者；不依推測另行梵語化
QingmuCommentator; not Sanskritized through conjecture
鳩摩羅什
漢譯者
KumārajīvaChinese translator
僧叡
卷首序作者
Seng RuiAuthor of the preface
吉藏
《中觀論疏》作者；古德之鏡，不是根本論聲口
JizangAuthor of the Commentary on the Treatise on the Middle; an ancient mirror, not the root voice
問曰／答曰
保留論辯層次與嵌套問答
Question / AnswerPreserve levels of debate and nested exchanges
空
不作 nothingness
emptiness / emptyNever nothingness
畢竟空
依句脈亦可作 empty without remainder
ultimately empty“Empty without remainder” where syntax calls for it
自性
指離緣自成的固定性；不以 own-nature 為主譯
intrinsic natureA fixed nature established apart from conditions; not governed by “own-nature”
他性
與自性、自生、他生的論證成對保留
other-naturePreserve its paired role with intrinsic nature and arising from another
無自性
不等於 nonexistent
without intrinsic natureNever collapsed into “nonexistent”
生／滅
動詞依句法作 arise / cease
arising / ceasingVerbs may be arise / cease
不生不滅
兩端俱留
neither arising nor ceasingPreserve both poles
無生
不引向斷滅
non-arisingDo not suggest annihilation
八不
不生、不滅、不常、不斷、不一、不異、不來、不出
the eight negationsNeither arising nor ceasing, permanence nor annihilation, identity nor difference, coming nor going forth
常／斷
不把斷弱化為單純 interruption
permanence / annihilation“Annihilation” preserves the doctrinal pole more clearly than mere interruption
一／異
日常譬喻可依句法作 one / different
identity / differencePlain examples may use one / different
來／出
守 T1564 用字，不改成生／滅
coming / going forthPreserve T1564’s pair rather than normalizing it to arising / ceasing
戲論
不只指言談或辯論
conceptual proliferationNot merely discussion or debate
中道
不是有無之間的第三實體
the Middle WayNot a third substance between two extremes
假名
名字被強調時可作 provisional name
provisional designation“Provisional name” where the act of naming is foregrounded
世諦
二諦之一
conventional truthOne of the two truths
第一義／第一義諦
有「諦」時保留 truth
ultimate meaning / ultimate truthPreserve “truth” when 諦 is present
二諦
世諦與第一義諦
the two truthsConventional and ultimate truth
實相
相未被強調時可依句脈作 true reality
true mark“True reality” where mark is not foregrounded
法
具體語境可作 thing、teaching 或 method
dharmaThing, teaching, or method only in a concrete local sense
我／我所
讀者散文可依句法作 I and mine
self / what belongs to self“I and mine” in natural reader prose where suitable
有／無
動詞依句法作 exists / does not exist
existence / nonexistenceVerbs: exists / does not exist
四句
指自、他、共、無因等四門時，不作 four sentences
the four alternativesNever “four sentences” when it names a fourfold analysis
因／果
業報語境可依句法作 result
cause / effect“Result” where karmic syntax requires it
因緣
不把每一處都換成 dependent origination
causes and conditionsDo not replace every occurrence with dependent origination
四緣
因緣、次第緣、緣緣、增上緣
the four conditionsCausal, immediately preceding, object, and dominant condition
因緣〔四緣之一〕
與通稱 causes and conditions 有別
causal conditionDistinct from general causes and conditions
次第緣
心心相續語境中的固定形式
immediately preceding conditionGoverning form in mind-sequence contexts
緣緣
考據可另說漢字所傳名形
object conditionThe Apparatus may separately explain the received graph
增上緣
四緣之一
dominant conditionOne of the four conditions
和合
不另立一個和合實體
conjunction / coming togetherDo not reify conjunction as another entity
能作／作者
依具體例亦可作 maker / doer
action / agentMaker or doer in concrete examples
所作
保留能所角色
what is made / the actionPreserve the object-side role
燃／可燃
品題作 fire / fuel
burning / the combustibleChapter title: fire / fuel
縛／解
解脫另作 liberation
bondage / release解脫 is liberation
顛倒
依句法可作 mistaken inversion
inversion“Mistaken inversion” where English syntax requires
涅槃
不以 extinction 造成斷滅歧義
nirvāṇaAvoid “extinction” where it implies annihilation
十二因緣／十二支
簡稱 the twelve links
the twelve links of dependent originationShort form: the twelve links