No. 85
心不相應行法 · 不相應行二十四 · 第十五 · dissociated formations · dissociated formations #15/24

流轉Continuous arising

Pravṛtti · (無南傳獨立對應)

不相應行第十五。於因果相續之不間斷(*hetu-phala-prabandha-anupaccheda*)分位中,假立「流轉」之名——其體非實,乃色心分位之施設。此為 #85–#94 因果座標群之首條,該群以「因果……」為結構軸,逐一假立因果關係之諸面(→#71 cluster 框架)。

zh · Xuanzang 譯

不相應行第十五。於因果相續之不間斷hetu-phala-prabandha-anupaccheda)分位中,假立「流轉」之名——其體非實,乃色心分位之施設。此為 #85–#94 因果座標群之首條,該群以「因果……」為結構軸,逐一假立因果關係之諸面(→#71 詞族框架)。

不相應行為論藏所立之分析範疇,於阿含、尼柯耶不作獨立法目;其概念線索可於現象的教證中追溯,然此類用法為描述性教證,非獨立本體法立。論藏將此現象學結構化為獨立分析範疇,乃 Sarvāstivāda 阿毘達磨時期始見;《阿毘達磨集論》收入「心不相應行」總綱,瑜伽行派進一步重判為假立prajñapti)。本條為普通 prajñapti,無 [共傳]/[大乘] 標準分判——其中「狗繫柱」喻(雜阿含)與「藏識海偈」(楞伽經)之引文見 v0.1,待 CBETA 字元核校(俟終校)。

《顯揚聖教論》卷一(T31n1602, T31.0484b21):

流轉者,謂諸行因果相續不斷性。

——hetu-phala-prabandha-anupaccheda 之漢語精確翻譯:「因果相續不斷性」——諸行之相續,在於因果鏈之不間斷,非有「流轉之實體」在其後驅動。

《成唯識論》卷一(T31n1585, T31.0006b13–14)對 #85 及以後諸條無個別論破,以統括語收結:

執別有餘不相應行,准前理趣皆應遮止。

——「余不相應行」指 #85–#94 整組;「前理趣」指卷一對 #71–#84 逐條之「非如色心體相可得、非異色心作用可得」論式——同理延伸,不再個別展開。

俟終校:《大乘阿毘達磨雜集論》(T31n1606)卷二「流轉者,謂諸行因果相續不斷性」之獨立出處,需 CBETA 字元核校(與顯揚同文,Attribution 待確認)。

按:本條以「因果相續不斷性」一句統攝流轉之假立依立——非有「使諸行流轉之實體」,乃依因果相續之不斷性分位假立。《成唯識論》對此群以「准前理趣皆應遮止」統括,意謂 #71–#84 之「非異色心作用可得」論式同適於此。(→#71) 為假立普框架之錨。

saṃskṛta

pravṛtti < pra-(向前、徹底)+ √vṛt(轉、行、運轉)+ -ti——「向前運轉」「相續流轉」。印歐祖語 *wert-(「轉」):同源詞群——拉丁 vertō(轉)→ 英文 vertical, version, convert, divert, advert, invert, revert, subvert;日耳曼 -ward(如 forward,「向前」)、worth(古義「轉成」,< PGm *werþaz,正合印歐祖語 *wert-os,義為 "to become")。同根近義詞 saṃsāra(輪迴;< sam- + √sṛ「流」)偏「往復循環」,pravṛtti 偏「向前運動之動力」——二者強調面不同而義域相鄰。

《阿毘達磨集論》(無著,Pradhan 校本,Abhidh-s 10–11):

pravṛttiḥ katamā / hetu-phala-prabandha-anupacchede pravṛttir iti prajñaptiḥ //

何為流轉?於因果相續之不間斷hetu-phala-prabandha-anupaccheda),稱為「流轉」之假立。句式以 iti prajñaptiḥ 收結——此為 #71–#94 全組之共同句式(→§R.1),確立本體地位:「此非實體,乃依如上分位所施設之名稱」。#85–#93 各條之 hetu-phala 前綴(→§R.3)將此群定性為「因果關係之諸面配置」,而非獨立存在之事物。

按:pravṛtti* 之印歐祖語同源鏈(wert-vertical / convert / version)顯示「轉」之概念於印歐語系之核心地位;佛教以此詞命名「流轉」(因果相續之不斷),正合「向前運轉」之原義。本條為 #85–#90、#93 之 hetu-phala-X 模板(§R.3)之首,結構軸一致:hetu-phala + 差別性形容詞(prabandha-anupaccheda = 相續之不斷性)。*

pāḷi

南傳無「流轉」作為獨立心不相應行 paññatti 之列項。Pāli pavatti(< pravṛtti,子音群簡化 pravṛtt → pavatt)在一般法義語境中作「現行」「相續」之通用詞,但不以獨立論藏法目出現。因果相續不斷之現象,在南傳傳統中由 santati(相續)教義與緣起(paṭicca-samuppāda)普通架構涵蓋,不另立 paññatti 條目。此與瑜伽行派之分位假立架構在處理層次上有系統性差異(→#71 南北架構分歧,已詳)。

按:南北在此差異之性質——南傳以緣起之普通教義涵蓋「相續不斷」之現象學;瑜伽行派從 Sarvāstivāda 繼承「不相應行」作為獨立列項(同時重判為假立),形成 #85 這一條目。架構差異非語詞之爭,乃分析層次之設計分歧。

漢綜述zh-synthesis

詞源

「流轉」之梵文 pravṛtti < pra-(向前、徹底)+ √vṛt(轉、行、運轉)+ -ti(行為名詞後綴)= 「向前運轉」「相續流轉」。印歐祖語 *wert-(「轉」),同源詞群豐富:拉丁 vertō(轉)→ 英文 vertical, version, convert, divert, advert, invert, revert, subvert;日耳曼系 -ward(如 forward「向前」)、worth(古義「轉成」,< PGm *werþaz);Pāli pavatti(< pravṛtti 之子音群簡化 pravṛtt-pavatt-)。⚠️ pravṛtti 偏「向前運動之動力」;相關詞 saṃsāra(< sam- + √sṛ「流」)偏「往復循環」——二者義域相鄰而語義側重不同。此為 #85–#94 動性類(因果座標群)之首條。

義理

流轉為 24 不相應行之第十五,動性類之首條,亦為 #85–#94 因果座標群之首。《集論》定義(hetu-phala-prabandha-anupacchede pravṛttir iti prajñaptiḥ)揭示:hetu-phala-prabandha-anupaccheda(因果相續之不間斷)為基底,pravṛtti(流轉)為其假立名——非有「使諸行流轉之實體」,乃依因果相續之不斷性分位假立。顯揚「因果相續不斷性」(hetu-phala-prabandha-anupaccheda 之精準漢譯)確立:流轉之本質在因果鏈之不間斷,而非一個「流轉力」之存在。《成唯識論》對 #85–#94 整組以「执别有余不相应行,准前理趣皆应遮止」統括,意謂 #71–#84 所建立之「非異色心作用可得」論式同樣適用於本群——流轉非別有體,唯依因果相續分位假立(→#71)。此為 #85–#90、#93 之 hetu-phala-X 模板(prabandha-anupaccheda,因果相續不斷)之首,開啟《集論》對因果關係諸面之系統展開。

南北

南傳無「流轉」作為獨立 prajñapti 法目。Pāli pavatti 在一般法義語境中作「現行」「相續」之通用詞,不以獨立論藏法目出現。因果相續不斷之現象,在南傳由 santati(相續)教義與緣起(paṭicca-samuppāda)普通框架涵蓋,不另立 paññatti 條目——此為 #85–#94 群之南北一般性分歧(南傳無不相應行獨立列項,→#71 南北架構分歧)。

修持

流轉作為 prajñapti 之修行涵義:行者注意「流」的感受——諸行似乎在連續不斷地「流去」。唯識精確點示:此「流」並非有一實體在流動,而是因果相續不斷之分位假立名。認識流轉為假立,即鬆動「有某物在攜帶我穿越時間」之直覺——留下的是因果之連續相續,無需「流轉之載體」。

譯名

「流轉」玄奘既譯。英譯 Continuous arisingContinued flowing 均可,前者更貼近 pravṛtti 之「向前運轉」動性。

流轉 ——於因果相續之不間斷(hetu-phala-prabandha-anupacchedapravṛtti)分位,假立「流轉」之名;性為因果鏈不間斷之相續性,業為諸行相續生起之動性標示;非別有體,依色心分位差別之合成假立。

英綜述en-synthesis

Etymology

pravṛtti derives from pra- "forward, thoroughly" + √vṛt "to turn, roll, proceed," from PIE *wert- "to turn." The cognate field in European languages is exceptionally rich: Latin vertō yields English vertical, version, convert, divert, advert, invert, revert, subvert; Germanic -ward (forward, backward, onward) preserves the directional sense; Old English weorþan "to become" (PIE *werþaz) carries the "turning-into" sense. The prefix pra- (PIE *pro- "forward") specifies directed motion, distinguishing pravṛtti from the related saṃsāra (cyclic flow, < √sṛ "to flow, run"), which emphasizes recurrence over directionality.

Doctrinal frame

pravṛtti is the first of the ten dharmas in the cause-effect coordinate group (#85–#94), opening Asg's systematic treatment of the cause-effect relation as the structural lens for the second half of the 不相應行 list. Asg's formula (hetu-phala-prabandha-anupacchede pravṛttir iti prajñaptiḥ) designates pravṛtti as the unbroken-ness of cause-effect continuity — the sheer fact that the causal stream does not break. It is not a force driving the stream; it is a label for the stream's continuity-property. Cheng Weishi Lun does not rebut this entry individually, but its closing note (「准前理趣皆應遮止」, T31.0006b13–14) applies the same reasoning established for #71–#84: no real entity separate from citta and rūpa can be found; the designation marks a configurational differential only.

Cross-tradition

Theravāda does not separately enumerate pavatti as a paññatti category. The phenomenon — the seamless concatenation of conditioned dharmas without gap — is handled within the general paṭicca-samuppāda framework and the santati continuum doctrine. No separate list-position exists; the architecture simply distributes what Yogācāra categorizes as pravṛtti across these broader doctrinal containers. This is a standard architectural divergence across the #85–#94 group.

Practitioner's seam

pravṛtti names the felt sense that "the stream keeps going." The meditator who has clearly seen impermanence still finds the stream seeming to flow on — not because a real substance carries it forward, but because each arising conditions the next without gap. The doctrine of pravṛtti is a precision label for this — naming the unbroken-ness without reifying it into a carrier. Recognizing pravṛtti as a designation (not a thing) is one way the practitioner loosens the intuition that something is "carrying them" through time.

Translation

Continuous arising — positional designation upon the unbroken-ness of the cause-effect continuum in conditioned dharmas (hetu-phala-prabandha-anupaccheda). Without independent substance — what we call "continuous flow" is a name for the seamless concatenation of conditioned dharmas, not a force or entity underlying that concatenation.

translator's note

譯者按: 結構分析詳 S3-P12。本條居 #85–#94 因果座標群之首(→#71 詞族框架),以「因果相續不斷性」界定流轉之假立依立,開啟《集論》對因果關係諸面之系統展開;#86 定異(因果之差別性)、#87 相應(因果之相稱性)各取不同面向,共同構成 §R.3 的 hetu-phala-X 模板群(→#86, →#87)。