解脫道論 無所有處、非非想處與品結
無所有處與非非想處，本段只以「如初地一切入門所說」一句前指，不再立問答。其後六行結偈，以「坐禪人行處」起，以「解脫道行處」收。
偈中「略」與「廣」、「前」與「後」兩兩相對，又明載「恒觀」「如法當分別」。但「面形」「波利弗多國」「如非如」三詞都不由本偈自釋；它們的確切意思仍未決，不能從本偈確定為概要、地名故事或一套觀法。
末註作「三十八行品已竟」；品題〈行門品〉與此名並存，大正本作「三」，四本作「四」。字面與結構可以確定，三個難詞的意思仍未決。
For the base of nothingness and the base of neither-perception-nor-non-perception, this passage gives only the backward reference “as taught in the kasiṇa doorway of the first ground” and raises no further question and answer. Six lines of concluding verse follow, beginning with “the meditator’s field of practice” and ending with “the fields of practice in the Path of Freedom.”
The verse sets “brief” against “extensive” and “before” against “after,” and expressly states “constantly contemplate” and “should be distinguished in accordance with the Dhamma.” Yet 面形, 波利弗多國, and 如非如 are not explained by the verse itself. Their exact meanings remain unresolved; this verse cannot establish that they mean an outline, a story about a place, or a particular method of contemplation.
The final note reads “The Chapter of Thirty-Eight Practices is complete.” The title Chapter on the Doorways of Practice and this closing name coexist. The Taishō text has 三, “three,” while four witnesses have 四, “four.” The literal wording and structure can be established; the meanings of the three difficult expressions remain unresolved.
Shi Huijing · Waken · The Path of Freedom · The Bases of Nothingness and Neither-Perception-nor-Non-Perception, and the Chapter Conclusion · Doorway · Summer 2026
阿羅漢優波底沙造，梁扶南三藏僧伽婆羅譯《解脫道論》〈行門品〉「無所有處、非非想處與品結」· 大正藏 T32n1648〔起 T32 0441a〕。段首〔T32 …〕＝大正藏頁·欄錨。
〔T32 0441a〕
無所有處及非非想處，如初地一切入門所說。於是說偈：
坐禪人行處， 所說唯面形，
如人善示導， 波利弗多國。
略說得知廣， 曉了其前後，
恒觀如非如， 於此已廣說。
如是具足相， 彼一切功德，
如法當分別， 解脫道行處。
（三十八行品已竟）
The canonical text stands in Chinese only. This edition renders the essence, the plain reading, the exposition and the apparatus into English — never the sūtra itself. Switch to 漢讀本 or 並行雙語 above to read it.
二無色處之補述
無所有處與非非想處，依初地一切入門中已說的內容修習。本段只作這一句前指，沒有再立問答。
結偈
於是說偈。
第一行原作：「坐禪人行處，所說唯面形。」其中「面形」在本偈沒有解說，所以這裡保留原詞，不把它改寫成一項確定的意思。
第二行原作：「如人善示導，波利弗多國。」本句以善於示導的人作比；「波利弗多國」所指為何，以及它與前半句的句法關係，本偈都沒有說明。
第三行把「略」與「廣」並列，又說由略說可以知道廣義，並能明白其前後。
第四行原作：「恒觀如非如，於此已廣說。」「如非如」的意思未決，這裡只保留原詞；可以確定的是本句同時說到恒觀與「於此已廣說」。
第五行說：「如是具足相，彼一切功德。」第六行說：「如法當分別，解脫道行處。」偈頌以「坐禪人行處」起，以「解脫道行處」收。
品結
三十八行品已竟。
Supplement on the Two Formless Bases
The base of nothingness and the base of neither-perception-nor-non-perception are as taught in the kasiṇa doorway of the first ground. This passage gives only that one backward reference and raises no further question and answer.
Concluding Verses
The treatise then gives verses.
The first line reads: “The meditator’s field of practice; what has been taught is only 面形.” The expression 面形 is not explained in the verse. It therefore remains in its source form rather than being assigned one settled meaning.
The second line reads: “Like a person skilled in showing the way, 波利弗多國.” The line presents a person skilled in showing the way as a comparison. The verse does not explain what 波利弗多國 denotes or how it is grammatically related to the first half of the line.
The third line juxtaposes the brief and the extensive. It says that from the brief statement one can know the extensive and understand what comes before and after.
The fourth line reads: “Constantly contemplate 如非如; here it has been explained extensively.” The meaning of 如非如 is unresolved and remains in its source form. What can be established is that the same line states both constant contemplation and “here it has been explained extensively.”
The fifth line says: “Thus, the characteristics being complete, all those virtues.” The sixth says: “They should be distinguished in accordance with the Dhamma—the fields of practice in the Path of Freedom.” The verse begins with “the meditator’s field of practice” and ends with “the fields of practice in the Path of Freedom.”
Chapter Conclusion
The Chapter of Thirty-Eight Practices is complete.
Shi Huijing · Waken · The Path of Freedom · The Bases of Nothingness and Neither-Perception-nor-Non-Perception, and the Chapter Conclusion · Vernacular · Summer 2026
本單元只有八十九字，由一句補述、六行結偈與一個品結夾註組成。其下一行就是卷第八尾題〔T32 441a19〕，所以這八十九字同時收束本品與本卷。正文雖短，三個全論一見的詞——「面形」「波利弗多國」「如非如」——都沒有在本偈得到解釋；可以確定的是它們所在各句的字面結構，三詞的意思仍未決。
一句補述：只記前指
「無所有處及非非想處，如初地一切入門所說。於是說偈」〔T32 441a10–11〕——無所有處與非非想處在此沒有另立問答，只以前指語「如初地一切入門所說」交代。本句可以確定的是二處同受這一前指；至於被指內容如何逐項配入二處，本段沒有重述。
六行結偈：可知與未決
第一行是「坐禪人行處，所說唯面形」〔T32 441a12〕。「面形」是全論一見，本偈沒有自釋；它位於「所說唯」之後，但究竟是概要、外貌或其他意思，仍不能確定。
第二行是「如人善示導，波利弗多國」〔T32 441a13〕。句首「如」明示此行作比，前半句舉「善示導」之人，後半句出「波利弗多國」；但這一譯名所指為何、兩個半句如何相屬，原文都沒有說明。大正本作「導」，四本作「道」；兩讀所成句意不同，本句的確切意思仍未決。
第三行是「略說得知廣，曉了其前後」〔T32 441a14〕。這裡能直接讀出的結構，是「略」與「廣」相對，「前」與「後」相對；原文說由略說而得知廣，又說曉了其前後。「其」究竟專指哪一項，本句沒有說明。
第四行是「恒觀如非如，於此已廣說」〔T32 441a15〕。「恒觀」是本句明載的行動，「於此已廣說」是後半句；其間的「如非如」全論一見，義不自釋。四本以「法」代末一「如」，所觀之語因而不同；「如非如」不能由本句拆成兩個已有定義的義項，確切意思仍未決。
第五、六行是「如是具足相，彼一切功德，如法當分別，解脫道行處」〔T32 441a16–17〕。字面明列「相」「一切功德」「如法當分別」與「解脫道行處」；偈首第一句作「坐禪人行處」，末句作「解脫道行處」，「行處」一詞在首尾各見一次。末行的「當分別」並沒有進一步解說前面三個未決詞。
品結：一品二名
末段只有夾註「三十八行品已竟」〔T32 441a18〕。品題作〈行門品〉，品結作「三十八行品」，兩名並存；「三」字四本作「四」。收尾次第十分清楚：二無色處一句前指，六行結偈，品結夾註，隨後卷第八終；「面形」「波利弗多國」「如非如」的意思仍未決。
This unit contains only eighty-nine Chinese characters: one supplementary statement, six lines of concluding verse, and one inline chapter-ending note. The next line is the closing title of fascicle eight 〔T32 441a19〕, so these eighty-nine characters close both the chapter and the fascicle. Though the text is short, three expressions occurring only once in the entire treatise—面形, 波利弗多國, and 如非如—receive no explanation in this verse. Their positions and the literal structures of their lines can be established; their meanings remain unresolved.
One Supplementary Statement: Only a Backward Reference
“The base of nothingness and the base of neither-perception-nor-non-perception are as taught in the kasiṇa doorway of the first ground. The treatise then gives verses” 〔T32 441a10–11〕. No separate question and answer is raised here for the two bases; they are handled only by the backward reference “as taught in the kasiṇa doorway of the first ground.” It is certain that the reference governs both bases. This passage does not restate how the referred material applies item by item to each one.
Six Lines of Concluding Verse: What Can Be Known and What Remains Unresolved
The first line is: “The meditator’s field of practice; what has been taught is only 面形” 〔T32 441a12〕. 面形 occurs only once in the treatise and is not explained in the verse. It follows “what has been taught is only,” but whether it means an outline, outward form, or something else cannot be determined.
The second line is: “Like a person skilled in showing the way, 波利弗多國” 〔T32 441a13〕. The opening “like” explicitly marks a comparison: the first half presents a person skilled in showing the way, and the second gives 波利弗多國. The source explains neither what this transliterated name denotes nor how the two halves of the line attach. The Taishō text has 導, “to guide,” while four witnesses have 道, “way”; the readings yield different constructions, and the line’s exact meaning remains unresolved.
The third line is: “From the brief statement one gains knowledge of the extensive and understands what comes before and after” 〔T32 441a14〕. The directly visible structure opposes “brief” to “extensive” and “before” to “after.” The source says that the extensive can be known from the brief statement and that its before and after can be understood. It does not identify a unique referent for “its.”
The fourth line is: “Constantly contemplate 如非如; here it has been explained extensively” 〔T32 441a15〕. “Constantly contemplate” is the stated action, and “here it has been explained extensively” is the latter half. Between them, 如非如 occurs only once in the treatise and is not self-explained. Four witnesses replace the final 如 with 法, changing what is contemplated. The base form cannot be divided into two already-defined doctrinal items; its exact meaning remains unresolved.
The fifth and sixth lines are: “Thus, the characteristics being complete, all those virtues; they should be distinguished in accordance with the Dhamma—the fields of practice in the Path of Freedom” 〔T32 441a16–17〕. The literal text names “characteristics,” “all virtues,” “should be distinguished in accordance with the Dhamma,” and “fields of practice in the Path of Freedom.” The first line of the verse has “the meditator’s field of practice,” and the final line “the fields of practice in the Path of Freedom”; “field of practice” occurs at both ends. The final “should be distinguished” does not further explain the three unresolved expressions above.
Chapter Conclusion: One Chapter, Two Names
The final paragraph consists only of the inline note “The Chapter of Thirty-Eight Practices is complete” 〔T32 441a18〕. The chapter title is Chapter on the Doorways of Practice, while the closing note says “Chapter of Thirty-Eight Practices”; both names remain. Four witnesses read 四, “four,” for 三, “three.” The closing sequence is exact: one backward reference for the two formless bases, six lines of concluding verse, the chapter-ending inline note, and then the end of fascicle eight. The meanings of 面形, 波利弗多國, and 如非如 remain unresolved.
Shi Huijing · Waken · The Path of Freedom · The Bases of Nothingness and Neither-Perception-nor-Non-Perception, and the Chapter Conclusion · Exposition · Summer 2026
考據Apparatus
全段定位 本段出自《解脫道論》卷第八〈行門品〉之五，承食不耐想之夾註「（不耐食想已竟）」〔T32 441a09〕而下，先以一句補述二無色處，次引結偈六行，末以夾註「三十八行品已竟」〔T32 441a18〕落一品之總界。底本八段〔T32 441a10–18〕，其中六段為偈、一段唯夾註。本單元僅八十九字；然其地即卷第八之末——卷八之尾題與〈行門品〉之品界俱在其下一行〔T32 441a19〕。
一、科判定位
八段，逐節起訖逐字可核：
| 節 | 經文起訖逐字（各繫其錨） |
|---|---|
| 二無色處之補述（甲段） | 「無所有處及非非想處，如初地一切入門所說」〔T32 441a10–11〕…「於是說偈」〔T32 441a11〕 |
| 結偈（乙至辛，凡六段） | 「坐禪人行處」〔T32 441a12〕…「所說唯面形」〔T32 441a12〕…「如人善示導」〔T32 441a13〕…「波利弗多國」〔T32 441a13〕…「略說得知廣」〔T32 441a14〕…「曉了其前後」〔T32 441a14〕…「恒觀如非如」〔T32 441a15〕…「於此已廣說」〔T32 441a15〕…「如是具足相」〔T32 441a16〕…「彼一切功德」〔T32 441a16〕…「如法當分別」〔T32 441a17〕…「解脫道行處」〔T32 441a17〕 |
| 品結（末段，唯夾註） | 「三十八行品已竟」〔T32 441a18〕 |
單元界與品界相合：起於 441a10 二無色處之補述，止於 441a18 品結之夾註；其下一行即卷第八之尾題與〈行門品〉之收〔T32 441a19〕，再下為卷第九之首題〔T32 441a21〕。本單元雖僅八十九字，為守品結落界而不與前單元相併。
末段唯一夾註而自為一段：底本以「三十八行品已竟」獨立成段〔T32 441a18〕，其上下無正文，照錄不代併。
二無色處唯一句而不更釋：無所有處與非非想處二定，前品〈分別行處品第七〉列於三十八行處之數〔T32 411a16〕，而本段唯以「如初地一切入門所說」〔T32 441a10–11〕一句指其所在，不更立問答——與他門之具問具答者異。照錄不代補。
全段定位錨
〔T32, 441a10–18〕
二、詞義與譯語（逐字各繫其錨）
| 名相 | 本段用法 | 章內接點（可核） |
|---|---|---|
| 面形 | 「所說唯面形」〔T32 441a12〕 | 全論一見；其義（表相·梗概抑他義）論文不自釋，不代考定 |
| 善示導 | 「如人善示導」〔T32 441a13〕 | 全論二見〔400a13–14·441a13〕；「導」四本作「道」（見目三）——從四本則此字非導，與指路之喻相貫 |
| 波利弗多國 | 「波利弗多國」〔T32 441a13〕 | 全論一見；譯名，本編不代還原、不代考定其地 |
| 如非如 | 「恒觀如非如」〔T32 441a15〕 | 全論一見；「如」四本作「法」（見目三）——從四本則所觀之末字非如。義未決，照錄不代裁 |
| 解脫道行處 | 「解脫道行處」〔T32 441a17〕 | 全論一見；與偈首「坐禪人行處」〔T32 441a12〕相扣，一偈以「行處」二字起訖 |
| 三十八行品 | 「三十八行品已竟」〔T32 441a18〕 | 「三十八行」全論七見〔411a08·411a09·411a16·411a17·412a27·441a18·454c09〕；品結之名作「三十八行品」而品題作「行門品」〔T32 435a10 等〕——一品二名，照錄不代畫一。又「三」字四本作「四」（見目三） |
三、校記與異讀
本段範圍內大正藏校記三處，均誌而不改；本文之讀一律依大正本：
| 錨 | 底本 | 異讀 | 見證 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 441a13 | 導（如人善示導） | 道 | 【宋】【元】【明】【宮】 |
| 441a15 | 如（恒觀如非如） | 法 | 【宋】【元】【明】【宮】 |
| 441a18 | 三「三十八行品已竟」 | 四 | 【宋】【元】【明】【宮】 |
誌錄不判三事：
- 441a13「如人善示導」之「導」，四本作「道」——若從四本則此字非導，與下句「波利弗多國」之指路相貫；從底本則「示導」為一詞。並錄不判，本文從底本。
- 441a15「恒觀如非如」之「如」，四本作「法」——若從四本則所觀之末字非如，義隨之而變。並錄不判，本文從底本。
- 441a18「三十八行品已竟」之「三」，四本作「四」——若從四本則品結之數非三，與本論前文「三十八行」七見中之六見〔411a08·411a09·411a16·411a17·412a27·454c09〕不相當；從底本則相當。此為一品收語之數，關涉全品之名，並錄不判，本文從底本、不代改。
缺字零命中。夾註一處：〔T32 441a18〕「三十八行品已竟」，底本行內夾註而自為一段，照錄——〈行門品〉自其品題「行門品第八之一」〔T32 412b21〕而下，至此而竟。
五、譬喻·修辭
- 示導之喻〔T32 441a13〕：如善於示導者為人指波利弗多國——本品之末喻，且以地名入喻（「波利弗多國」全論一見）；所指非其地之全，唯示其向，正應上句「所說唯面形」〔T32 441a12〕。「善示導」全論二見，另一見在〔T32 400a13–14〕。
- 偈以「行處」起訖〔T32 441a12·441a17〕：首句「坐禪人行處」、末句「解脫道行處」，六行十二句以二「行處」束之——一品之總結，以行處始、以行處終。
- 「略說得知廣」〔T32 441a14〕：與「於此已廣說」〔T32 441a15〕一略一廣相對，正說本品之體例：所說者面形而已，廣在讀者之曉了。
- 末段之孤：品結之夾註自為一段，上無正文、下即卷尾題〔T32 441a19〕。
六、章內互讀
- 前指：〈行門品〉之開「行門品第八之一」〔T32 412b21〕；食不耐想之竟「（不耐食想已竟）」〔T32 441a09〕；「三十八行」之他六見〔411a08·411a09·411a16·411a17·412a27·454c09〕；無所有處與非非想處二定之展開見於無色諸門——前者在〔T32 421c02–25〕、後者在〔T32 421c26–422a27〕，本段以「如初地一切入門所說」〔T32 441a10–11〕一句指之。
- 後指：卷第八之尾題與〈行門品〉之收〔T32 441a19〕，其下為卷第九之首題〔T32 441a21〕——本單元為〈行門品〉之末，亦卷第八之末。
- 一品二名：品題作「行門品」〔T32 435a10 等〕而品結之夾註作「三十八行品」〔T32 441a18〕；二名並存，照錄不代畫一。
七、傳本
作者、譯者與傳本諸問題，本編不於考據內立說。
Location of the complete passage. This passage is from fascicle eight, the fifth part of the Chapter on the Doorways of Practice in the Path of Freedom. It follows the inline note “the perception of repulsiveness in food is complete” 〔T32 441a09〕. One sentence supplements the two formless bases, six lines of concluding verse follow, and the inline note “The Chapter of Thirty-Eight Practices is complete” 〔T32 441a18〕 marks the boundary of the whole chapter. The base text has eight paragraphs 〔T32 441a10–18〕: six are verse and one contains only an inline note. This unit contains only eighty-nine Chinese characters, but it stands at the end of fascicle eight: the closing title of fascicle eight and the boundary of the chapter occupy the following line 〔T32 441a19〕.
I. Sectional Location
Eight paragraphs can be checked word for word:
| Section | Verbatim boundaries with anchors |
|---|---|
| Supplement on the two formless bases (paragraph 1) | “The base of nothingness and the base of neither-perception-nor-non-perception are as taught in the kasiṇa doorway of the first ground” 〔T32 441a10–11〕 … “the treatise then gives verses” 〔T32 441a11〕 |
| Concluding verse (paragraphs 2–7, six in all) | “The meditator’s field of practice” 〔T32 441a12〕 … “what has been taught is only 面形” 〔T32 441a12〕 … “like a person skilled in showing the way” 〔T32 441a13〕 … “波利弗多國” 〔T32 441a13〕 … “from the brief statement one gains knowledge of the extensive” 〔T32 441a14〕 … “understands what comes before and after” 〔T32 441a14〕 … “constantly contemplate 如非如” 〔T32 441a15〕 … “here it has been explained extensively” 〔T32 441a15〕 … “thus, the characteristics being complete” 〔T32 441a16〕 … “all those virtues” 〔T32 441a16〕 … “they should be distinguished in accordance with the Dhamma” 〔T32 441a17〕 … “the fields of practice in the Path of Freedom” 〔T32 441a17〕 |
| Chapter conclusion (final paragraph, inline note only) | “The Chapter of Thirty-Eight Practices is complete” 〔T32 441a18〕 |
The unit boundary agrees with the chapter boundary. It begins with the supplement on the two formless bases at 441a10 and ends with the chapter-ending inline note at 441a18. The next line is the closing title of fascicle eight and the close of the chapter 〔T32 441a19〕; the opening title of fascicle nine appears at 〔T32 441a21〕. Though the unit contains only eighty-nine Chinese characters, it is kept separate to preserve the chapter-ending boundary.
The final paragraph contains only an inline note and remains a paragraph of its own. “The Chapter of Thirty-Eight Practices is complete” stands alone in the base text 〔T32 441a18〕, with no body text above or below in that paragraph. It is not merged.
The two formless bases receive one sentence and no further explanation. The base of nothingness and the base of neither-perception-nor-non-perception are included in the count of thirty-eight fields in the preceding Chapter on the Analysis of Fields of Practice 〔T32 411a16〕. Here a single sentence says “as taught in the kasiṇa doorway of the first ground” 〔T32 441a10–11〕 and raises no question and answer. Nothing is supplied.
Complete passage anchor
〔T32, 441a10–18〕
II. Terms and Translation
| Term | Use in this passage | Checkable connection |
|---|---|---|
| 面形 | “What has been taught is only 面形” 〔T32 441a12〕 | Occurs once in the whole treatise. The text does not explain whether it means outward form, outline, or something else; no determination is supplied. |
| Skilled in showing the way | “Like a person skilled in showing the way” 〔T32 441a13〕 | The phrase occurs twice in the treatise 〔T32 400a13–14〕 〔T32 441a13〕. Four witnesses read 道, “way,” for 導, “guide” (section III). The readings form different constructions. |
| 波利弗多國 | “波利弗多國” 〔T32 441a13〕 | Occurs once in the whole treatise. It is a transliterated name; no Indic form or identification of the place is supplied. |
| 如非如 | “Constantly contemplate 如非如” 〔T32 441a15〕 | Occurs once in the whole treatise. Four witnesses read 法 for the final 如 (section III), changing the expression under contemplation. Its meaning remains unresolved. |
| Fields of practice in the Path of Freedom | “The fields of practice in the Path of Freedom” 〔T32 441a17〕 | Occurs once in the whole treatise and corresponds to “the meditator’s field of practice” 〔T32 441a12〕 at the beginning of the verse; “field of practice” frames the verse. |
| Chapter of Thirty-Eight Practices | “The Chapter of Thirty-Eight Practices is complete” 〔T32 441a18〕 | “Thirty-eight practices” occurs seven times in the treatise 〔T32 411a08〕 〔T32 411a09〕 〔T32 411a16〕 〔T32 411a17〕 〔T32 412a27〕 〔T32 441a18〕 〔T32 454c09〕. The closing name is “Chapter of Thirty-Eight Practices,” while the heading is Chapter on the Doorways of Practice 〔T32 435a10 and elsewhere〕. Both names remain. Four witnesses read 四 for 三 (section III). |
III. Critical Notes and Variant Readings
There are three critical notes in this span. All are recorded while the text follows the Taishō reading:
| Anchor | Base reading | Variant | Witnesses |
|---|---|---|---|
| 441a13 | 導 in 如人善示導 | 道 | 【宋】【元】【明】【宮】 |
| 441a15 | the final 如 in 恒觀如非如 | 法 | 【宋】【元】【明】【宮】 |
| 441a18 | 三 in 三十八行品已竟 | 四 | 【宋】【元】【明】【宮】 |
Three matters are recorded without decision:
- At 441a13, four witnesses read 道 for 導 in “like a person skilled in showing the way.” With 道, the graph is not 導 and may connect differently with the following 波利弗多國; with the base, 示導 forms one expression. Both are recorded and the base is followed.
- At 441a15, four witnesses read 法 for the final 如 in “constantly contemplate 如非如.” Under the witnesses, the final graph of the contemplated expression is not 如, and its meaning changes. Both are recorded and the base is followed.
- At 441a18, four witnesses read 四, “four,” for 三, “three,” in “The Chapter of Thirty-Eight Practices is complete.” Under the witnesses, the chapter-ending number is not three and differs from the other six occurrences of “thirty-eight practices” in the treatise 〔T32 411a08〕 〔T32 411a09〕 〔T32 411a16〕 〔T32 411a17〕 〔T32 412a27〕 〔T32 454c09〕. Under the base, the number agrees. This is the closing name of a whole chapter. Both are recorded; the base is followed without alteration.
There are no missing-character hits. There is one inline note: “The Chapter of Thirty-Eight Practices is complete” at 〔T32 441a18〕. It forms a paragraph of its own. The Chapter on the Doorways of Practice begins with its heading at 〔T32 412b21〕 and ends here.
V. Similes and Rhetorical Forms
- Showing-the-way simile 〔T32 441a13〕: it follows “what has been taught is only 面形” 〔T32 441a12〕, and the verse places “like a person skilled in showing the way” beside 波利弗多國. This is the chapter’s final simile, and the name occurs nowhere else in the treatise. How the two halves attach and what the name denotes remain unresolved. “Skilled in showing the way” occurs once elsewhere at 〔T32 400a13–14〕.
- The verse framed by “field of practice” 〔T32 441a12〕 〔T32 441a17〕: its first line says “the meditator’s field of practice,” and the last “the fields of practice in the Path of Freedom.” The six lines are bounded by the same expression.
- “From the brief statement one gains knowledge of the extensive” 〔T32 441a14〕: this stands beside “here it has been explained extensively” 〔T32 441a15〕, opposing brief and extensive. The verse says that what is stated is only 面形, while the extensive is gained through understanding.
- The solitary closing paragraph: the inline chapter-ending note stands alone; the next line is the closing title of the fascicle 〔T32 441a19〕.
VI. Cross-References Within the Chapter
- Backward: the opening heading of the Chapter on the Doorways of Practice 〔T32 412b21〕; the completion of the perception of repulsiveness in food 〔T32 441a09〕; the other six occurrences of “thirty-eight practices” 〔T32 411a08〕 〔T32 411a09〕 〔T32 411a16〕 〔T32 411a17〕 〔T32 412a27〕 〔T32 454c09〕; and the extended passages on the two formless concentrations—the base of nothingness at 〔T32 421c02–25〕 and neither-perception-nor-non-perception at 〔T32 421c26–422a27〕—to which “as taught in the kasiṇa doorway of the first ground” 〔T32 441a10–11〕 refers.
- Forward: the closing title of fascicle eight and the close of the chapter stand at 〔T32 441a19〕; the opening title of fascicle nine is at 〔T32 441a21〕. This unit is both the end of the chapter and the end of fascicle eight.
- One chapter, two names: the heading uses Chapter on the Doorways of Practice 〔T32 435a10 and elsewhere〕, while the closing inline note uses “Chapter of Thirty-Eight Practices” 〔T32 441a18〕. Both are preserved.
VII. Transmission
This edition takes no position here on questions concerning the author, translator, or textual transmission.
Shi Huijing · Waken · The Path of Freedom · The Bases of Nothingness and Neither-Perception-nor-Non-Perception, and the Chapter Conclusion · Apparatus · Summer 2026